The Travelers Companies, Inc. today reported net income of $1.509 billion, or $6.53 per diluted share, for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared to $534 million, or $2.29 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter. Core income in the current quarter was $1.504 billion, or $6.51 per diluted share, compared to $585 million, or $2.51 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter. Core income increased primarily due to lower catastrophe losses, a higher underlying underwriting gain (i.e., excluding net prior year reserve development and catastrophe losses), higher net favorable prior year reserve development and higher net investment income. Net realized investment gains in the current quarter were $6 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax), compared to net realized investment losses of $65 million pre-tax ($51 million after-tax) in the prior year quarter. Per diluted share amounts benefited from the impact of share repurchases.

Consolidated Highlights

($ in millions, except for per share amounts, and after-tax, except for premiums and revenues)

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,

2025

2024

Change

2025

2024

Change

Net written premiums

$

11,543

$

11,115

4

%

$

22,058

$

21,297

4

%

Total revenues

$

12,116

$

11,283

7

$

23,926

$

22,511

6

Net income

$

1,509

$

534

183

$

1,904

$

1,657

15

per diluted share

$

6.53

$

2.29

185

$

8.23

$

7.09

16

Core income

$

1,504

$

585

157

$

1,947

$

1,681

16

per diluted share

$

6.51

$

2.51

159

$

8.42

$

7.20

17

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

229.3

231.5

(1

)

229.7

231.8

(1

)

Combined ratio

90.3

%

100.2

%

(9.9

)

pts

96.3

%

97.1

%

(0.8

)

pts

Underlying combined ratio

84.7

%

87.7

%

(3.0

)

pts

84.7

%

87.7

%

(3.0

)

pts

Return on equity

20.9

%

8.6

%

12.3

pts

13.4

%

13.3

%

0.1

pts

Core return on equity

18.8

%

8.1

%

10.7

pts

12.3

%

11.8

%

0.5

pts

As of

Change From

June 30, 2025

December 31,
2024

June 30, 2024

December 31,
2024

June 30, 2024

Book value per share

$

131.11

$

122.97

$

109.08

7

%

20

%

Adjusted book value per share

144.57

139.04

126.52

4

%

14

%

See Glossary of Financial Measures for definitions and the statistical supplement for additional financial data.

“We are pleased to report excellent results for the quarter, with both underwriting and investment income contributing meaningfully to our performance,” said Alan Schnitzer, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “We earned core income of $1.5 billion, or $6.51 per diluted share, driven by excellent underlying results, strong net favorable prior year reserve development and higher investment income. Underlying underwriting income of $1.6 billion pre-tax was up 35% over the prior year quarter, driven by 7% growth in net earned premiums to $10.9 billion and a consolidated underlying combined ratio that improved 3 points to an excellent 84.7%. All three segments contributed to these terrific results with strong net earned premiums and excellent reported and underlying profitability. In addition, our high-quality investment portfolio continued to perform well, generating after-tax net investment income of $774 million, driven by strong and reliable returns from our growing fixed income portfolio. During the quarter, we returned more than $800 million of excess capital to shareholders, including $557 million of share repurchases.

“Through skilled execution by our field organization, we grew net written premiums in the second quarter to $11.5 billion. In Business Insurance, we grew net written premiums by 5% to $5.8 billion. Renewal premium change remained strong at 7.7%, with renewal premium change of 8.6% in our core Middle Market business and 10.7% in our small commercial Select business. Retention in the segment remained strong at 85%, and new business was a record $744 million. In Bond & Specialty Insurance, we grew net written premiums by 4% to $1.1 billion, with strong retention of 87% in our high-quality management liability business. In our industry-leading surety business, we grew net written premiums by 5% compared to a particularly strong result in the prior year quarter. In Personal Insurance, net written premiums grew 3% to $4.7 billion, driven by strong renewal premium change in our Homeowners business.

“Our trailing twelve-month core return on equity of 17.1% reflects exceptional underwriting performance and steadily rising returns from our growing fixed income portfolio. Over that period, we grew adjusted book value per share by 14%, after making strategic investments in our business and returning substantial excess capital to shareholders. We’re building on this strong momentum through continued disciplined execution of our proven strategy. With our diversified business operating from a position of strength, we remain highly confident in the outlook for our business.”

Consolidated Results

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,

($ in millions and pre-tax, unless noted otherwise)

2025

2024

Change

2025

2024

Change

Underwriting gain (loss):

$

1,022

$

(65

)

$

1,087

$

717

$

512

$

205

Underwriting gain (loss) includes:

Net favorable prior year reserve development

315

230

85

693

321

372

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

(927

)

(1,509

)

582

(3,193

)

(2,221

)

(972

)

Net investment income

942

885

57

1,872

1,731

141

Other income (expense), including interest expense

(89

)

(99

)

10

(185

)

(187

)

2

Core income before income taxes

1,875

721

1,154

2,404

2,056

348

Income tax expense

371

136

235

457

375

82

Core income

1,504

585

919

1,947

1,681

266

Net realized investment gains (losses) after income taxes

5

(51

)

56

(43

)

(24

)

(19

)

Net income

$

1,509

$

534

$

975

$

1,904

$

1,657

$

247

Combined ratio

90.3

%

100.2

%

(9.9

)

pts

96.3

%

97.1

%

(0.8

)

pts

Impact on combined ratio

Net favorable prior year reserve development

(2.9

)

pts

(2.2

)

pts

(0.7

)

pts

(3.2

)

pts

(1.5

)

pts

(1.7

)

pts

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

8.5

pts

14.7

pts

(6.2

)

pts

14.8

pts

10.9

pts

3.9

pts

Underlying combined ratio

84.7

%

87.7

%

(3.0

)

pts

84.7

%

87.7

%

(3.0

)

pts

Net written premiums

Business Insurance

$

5,792

$

5,539

5

%

$

11,490

$

11,135

3

%

Bond & Specialty Insurance

1,085

1,040

4

2,084

1,983

5

Personal Insurance

4,666

4,536

3

8,484

8,179

4

Total

$

11,543

$

11,115

4

%

$

22,058

$

21,297

4

%

Second Quarter 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. second quarter 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Net income of $1.509 billion increased $975 million, driven by higher core income and net realized investment gains compared to net realized investment losses in the prior year quarter. Core income of $1.504 billion increased $919 million, primarily due to lower catastrophe losses, a higher underlying underwriting gain, higher net favorable prior year reserve development and higher net investment income. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes. Net realized investment gains were $6 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax), compared to net realized investment losses of $65 million pre-tax ($51 million after-tax) in the prior year quarter.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 90.3% improved 9.9 points due to lower catastrophe losses (6.2 points), an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (3.0 points) and higher net favorable prior year reserve development (0.7 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio improved 3.0 points to an excellent 84.7%. See below for further details by segment.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development occurred in all segments. See below for further details by segment.

  • Catastrophe losses primarily resulted from severe wind and hail storms in multiple states.

Net investment income of $942 million pre-tax ($774 million after-tax) increased 6%, primarily due to growth in average invested assets and a higher average yield in the long-term fixed income investment portfolio.

Net written premiums of $11.543 billion increased 4%. See below for further details by segment.

Year-to-Date 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. year-to-date 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Net income of $1.904 billion increased $247 million, driven by higher core income, partially offset by higher net realized investment losses. Core income of $1.947 billion increased $266 million, primarily due to a higher underlying underwriting gain, higher net favorable prior year reserve development and higher net investment income, partially offset by higher catastrophe losses. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes. Net realized investment losses were $55 million pre-tax ($43 million after-tax), compared to $30 million pre-tax ($24 million after-tax) in the prior year.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 96.3% improved 0.8 points due to an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (3.0 points) and higher net favorable prior year reserve development (1.7 points), partially offset by higher catastrophe losses (3.9 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio of 84.7% improved 3.0 points. See below for further details by segment.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development occurred in all segments. See below for further details by segment.

  • Catastrophe losses included the second quarter events described above, as well as the January 2025 California wildfires and severe wind and hail storms in multiple states in the first three months of 2025.

Net investment income of $1.872 billion pre-tax ($1.537 billion after-tax) increased 8% driven by the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Net written premiums of $22.058 billion increased 4%. See below for further details by segment.

Shareholders’ Equity

Shareholders’ equity of $29.518 billion increased 6% over year-end 2024, primarily due to net income of $1.904 billion and lower net unrealized investment losses, partially offset by common share repurchases and dividends to shareholders. Net unrealized investment losses included in shareholders’ equity were $3.831 billion pre-tax ($3.031 billion after-tax), compared to $4.609 billion pre-tax ($3.640 billion after-tax) at year-end 2024. The decrease in net unrealized investment losses was driven primarily by lower interest rates. Book value per share of $131.11 increased 20% over June 30, 2024 and 7% over year-end 2024. Adjusted book value per share of $144.57, which excludes net unrealized investment losses, increased 14% over June 30, 2024 and 4% over year-end 2024.

The Company repurchased 2.1 million shares during the second quarter at an average price of $270.27 per share for a total cost of $557 million. At June 30, 2025, the Company had $4.290 billion of capacity remaining under its share repurchase authorizations approved by the Board of Directors. At the end of the quarter, statutory capital and surplus was $28.364 billion, and the ratio of debt-to-capital was 21.4%. The ratio of debt-to-capital excluding after-tax net unrealized investment losses included in shareholders’ equity was 19.8%, within the Company’s target range of 15% to 25%.

The Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $1.10 per share. The dividend is payable September 30, 2025, to shareholders of record at the close of business on September 10, 2025.

Business Insurance Segment Financial Results

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,

($ in millions and pre-tax, unless noted otherwise)

2025

2024

Change

2025

2024

Change

Underwriting gain:

$

346

$

193

$

153

$

541

$

527

$

14

Underwriting gain includes:

Net favorable prior year reserve development

79

34

45

153

34

119

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

(368

)

(389

)

21

(877

)

(598

)

(279

)

Net investment income

662

632

30

1,318

1,241

77

Other income (expense)

2

(10

)

12

(7

)

(19

)

12

Segment income before income taxes

1,010

815

195

1,852

1,749

103

Income tax expense

197

159

38

356

329

27

Segment income

$

813

$

656

$

157

$

1,496

$

1,420

$

76

Combined ratio

93.6

%

96.1

%

(2.5

)

pts

94.9

%

94.7

%

0.2

pts

Impact on combined ratio

Net favorable prior year reserve development

(1.4

)

pts

(0.6

)

pts

(0.8

)

pts

(1.4

)

pts

(0.3

)

pts

(1.1

)

pts

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

6.7

pts

7.5

pts

(0.8

)

pts

8.0

pts

5.8

pts

2.2

pts

Underlying combined ratio

88.3

%

89.2

%

(0.9

)

pts

88.3

%

89.2

%

(0.9

)

pts

Net written premiums by market

Domestic

Select Accounts

$

1,004

$

975

3

%

$

1,980

$

1,949

2

%

Middle Market

3,034

2,769

10

6,200

5,982

4

National Accounts

329

312

5

641

639

—

National Property and Other

885

912

(3

)

1,605

1,554

3

Total Domestic

5,252

4,968

6

10,426

10,124

3

International

540

571

(5

)

1,064

1,011

5

Total

$

5,792

$

5,539

5

%

$

11,490

$

11,135

3

%

Second Quarter 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. second quarter 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Business Insurance was $813 million after-tax, an increase of $157 million. Segment income increased primarily due to a higher underlying underwriting gain, higher net favorable prior year reserve development, higher net investment income and lower catastrophe losses. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 93.6% improved 2.5 points due to an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (0.9 points), higher net favorable prior year reserve development (0.8 points) and lower catastrophe losses (0.8 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio improved 0.9 points to an excellent 88.3%.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by better than expected loss experience in the workers’ compensation product line for multiple accident years, partially offset by an addition to reserves related to run-off operations.

Net written premiums of $5.792 billion increased 5%, led by strong growth of 10% in our core Middle Market business. This was partially offset by a 3% decline in net written premiums in National Property and Other, reflecting our disciplined underwriting.

Year-to-Date 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. year-to-date 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Business Insurance was $1.496 billion after-tax, an increase of $76 million. Segment income increased primarily due to a higher underlying underwriting gain, higher net favorable prior year reserve development and higher net investment income, partially offset by higher catastrophe losses. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 94.9% increased 0.2 points due to higher catastrophe losses (2.2 points), partially offset by higher net favorable prior year reserve development (1.1 points) and an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (0.9 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio improved 0.9 points to an excellent 88.3%.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Net written premiums of $11.490 billion increased 3%, after the ceded premium impact of the enhanced casualty reinsurance program that took effect January 1, 2025. This change in reinsurance reduced the segment’s net written premium growth by 2 points, as the full year’s worth of ceded premium was booked in the first quarter of 2025. Premium growth also reflected strong renewal premium change and retention.

Bond & Specialty Insurance Segment Financial Results

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,

($ in millions and pre-tax, unless noted otherwise)

2025

2024

Change

2025

2024

Change

Underwriting gain:

$

196

$

115

$

81

$

366

$

259

$

107

Underwriting gain includes:

Net favorable prior year reserve development

81

24

57

148

48

100

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

(5

)

(40

)

35

(24

)

(45

)

21

Net investment income

107

94

13

209

184

25

Other income

3

5

(2

)

8

11

(3

)

Segment income before income taxes

306

214

92

583

454

129

Income tax expense

62

44

18

119

89

30

Segment income

$

244

$

170

$

74

$

464

$

365

$

99

Combined ratio

80.3

%

87.7

%

(7.4

)

pts

81.4

%

86.1

%

(4.7

)

pts

Impact on combined ratio

Net favorable prior year reserve development

(8.0

)

pts

(2.5

)

pts

(5.5

)

pts

(7.3

)

pts

(2.5

)

pts

(4.8

)

pts

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

0.5

pts

4.1

pts

(3.6

)

pts

1.2

pts

2.3

pts

(1.1

)

pts

Underlying combined ratio

87.8

%

86.1

%

1.7

pts

87.5

%

86.3

%

1.2

pts

Net written premiums

Domestic

Management Liability

$

589

$

586

1

%

$

1,142

$

1,129

1

%

Surety

342

325

5

675

621

9

Total Domestic

931

911

2

1,817

1,750

4

International

154

129

19

267

233

15

Total

$

1,085

$

1,040

4

%

$

2,084

$

1,983

5

%

Second Quarter 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. second quarter 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Bond & Specialty Insurance was $244 million after-tax, an increase of $74 million. Segment income increased primarily due to higher net favorable prior year reserve development, lower catastrophe losses and higher net investment income, partially offset by a lower underlying underwriting gain. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 80.3% improved 7.4 points due to higher net favorable prior year reserve development (5.5 points) and lower catastrophe losses (3.6 points), partially offset by a higher underlying combined ratio (1.7 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio was very strong at 87.8%.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by better than expected loss experience in the fidelity and surety product line for recent accident years.

Net written premiums of $1.085 billion increased 4%, reflecting production growth in both surety and management liability.

Year-to-Date 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. year-to-date 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Bond & Specialty Insurance was $464 million after-tax, an increase of $99 million. Segment income increased primarily due to higher net favorable prior year reserve development, higher net investment income and lower catastrophe losses, partially offset by a lower underlying underwriting gain. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 81.4% improved 4.7 points due to higher net favorable prior year reserve development (4.8 points) and lower catastrophe losses (1.1 points), partially offset by a higher underlying combined ratio (1.2 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio was very strong at 87.5%.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Net written premiums of $2.084 billion increased 5%, reflecting the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Personal Insurance Segment Financial Results

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,

($ in millions and pre-tax, unless noted otherwise)

2025

2024

Change

2025

2024

Change

Underwriting gain (loss):

$

480

$

(373

)

$

853

$

(190

)

$

(274

)

$

84

Underwriting gain (loss) includes:

Net favorable prior year reserve development

155

172

(17

)

392

239

153

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

(554

)

(1,080

)

526

(2,292

)

(1,578

)

(714

)

Net investment income

173

159

14

345

306

39

Other income

17

16

1

35

37

(2

)

Segment income (loss) before income taxes

670

(198

)

868

190

69

121

Income tax expense (benefit)

136

(45

)

181

30

2

28

Segment income (loss)

$

534

$

(153

)

$

687

$

160

$

67

$

93

Combined ratio

88.4

%

108.5

%

(20.1

)

pts

101.7

%

102.8

%

(1.1

)

pts

Impact on combined ratio

Net favorable prior year reserve development

(3.6

)

pts

(4.2

)

pts

0.6

pts

(4.5

)

pts

(2.9

)

pts

(1.6

)

pts

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

12.7

pts

26.4

pts

(13.7

)

pts

26.6

pts

19.5

pts

7.1

pts

Underlying combined ratio

79.3

%

86.3

%

(7.0

)

pts

79.6

%

86.2

%

(6.6

)

pts

Net written premiums

Domestic

Automobile

$

1,968

$

2,001

(2

)%

$

3,827

$

3,860

(1

)%

Homeowners and Other

2,520

2,347

7

4,333

3,982

9

Total Domestic

4,488

4,348

3

8,160

7,842

4

International

178

188

(5

)

324

337

(4

)

Total

$

4,666

$

4,536

3

%

$

8,484

$

8,179

4

%

Second Quarter 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. second quarter 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Personal Insurance was $534 million after-tax, compared with a segment loss of $153 million after-tax in the prior year quarter. Segment income increased primarily due to lower catastrophe losses, a higher underlying underwriting gain and higher net investment income, partially offset by lower net favorable prior year reserve development. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 88.4% improved 20.1 points due to lower catastrophe losses (13.7 points) and an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (7.0 points), partially offset by lower net favorable prior year reserve development (0.6 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio of 79.3% improved 7.0 points, reflecting improvement in both Automobile and Homeowners and Other.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by better than expected loss experience in both the Automobile and Homeowners and Other product lines for recent accident years.

Net written premiums of $4.666 billion increased 3%, reflecting strong renewal premium change in Homeowners and Other.

Year-to-Date 2025 Results
(All comparisons vs. year-to-date 2024, unless noted otherwise)

Segment income for Personal Insurance was $160 million after-tax, an increase of $93 million. Segment income increased primarily due to a higher underlying underwriting gain, higher net favorable prior year reserve development and higher net investment income, partially offset by higher catastrophe losses. The underlying underwriting gain benefited from higher business volumes.

Combined ratio:

  • The combined ratio of 101.7% improved 1.1 points due to an improvement in the underlying combined ratio (6.6 points) and higher net favorable prior year reserve development (1.6 points), partially offset by higher catastrophe losses (7.1 points).

  • The underlying combined ratio of 79.6% improved 6.6 points, reflecting improvement in both Automobile and Homeowners and Other.

  • Net favorable prior year reserve development was primarily driven by the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Net written premiums of $8.484 billion increased 4%, reflecting the same factors described above for the second quarter of 2025.

Financial Supplement and Conference Call

The information in this press release should be read in conjunction with the financial supplement that is available on our website at Travelers.com. Travelers management will discuss the contents of this release and other relevant topics via webcast at 9:30 a.m. Eastern (8:30 a.m. Central) on Thursday, July 17, 2025. Investors can access the call via webcast at investor.travelers.com or by dialing 1.888.440.6281 within the United States or 1.646.960.0218 outside the United States. Prior to the webcast, a slide presentation pertaining to the quarterly earnings will be available on the Company’s website.

Following the live event, replays will be available via webcast for one year at investor.travelers.com and by telephone for 30 days by dialing 1.800.770.2030 within the United States or 1.647.362.9199 outside the United States. All callers should use conference ID 5449478.

About Travelers

The Travelers Companies, Inc. (NYSE: TRV) is a leading provider of property casualty insurance for auto, home and business. A component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, Travelers has more than 30,000 employees and generated revenues of more than $46 billion in 2024. For more information, visit Travelers.com.

Travelers may use its website and/or social media outlets, such as Facebook and X, as distribution channels of material Company information. Financial and other important information regarding the Company is routinely accessible through and posted on our website at investor.travelers.com, our Facebook page at facebook.com/travelers and our X account (@Travelers) at x.com/travelers. In addition, you may automatically receive email alerts and other information about Travelers when you enroll your email address by visiting the Email Notifications section at investor.travelers.com.

Travelers is organized into the following reportable business segments:

Business Insurance - Business Insurance offers a broad array of property and casualty insurance products and services to its customers, primarily in the United States, as well as in Canada, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and throughout other parts of the world, including as a corporate member of Lloyd’s.

Bond & Specialty Insurance - Bond & Specialty Insurance offers surety, fidelity, management liability, professional liability, and other property and casualty coverages and related risk management services to its customers, primarily in the United States, and certain surety and specialty insurance products in Canada, the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, as well as Brazil through a joint venture, in each case utilizing various degrees of financially-based underwriting approaches.

Personal Insurance - Personal Insurance offers a broad range of property and casualty insurance products and services covering individuals’ personal risks, primarily in the United States, as well as in Canada. Personal Insurance’s primary products of automobile and homeowners insurance are complemented by a broad suite of related coverages.

* * * * *

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains, and management may make, certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, may be forward-looking statements. Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “likely,” “probably,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “believes,” “views,” “ensures,” “estimates” and similar expressions are used to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements include, among other things, the Company’s statements about:

  • the Company’s outlook, the impact of trends on its business and its future results of operations and financial condition;
  • the impact of legislative or regulatory actions or court decisions;
  • share repurchase plans;
  • future pension plan contributions;
  • the sufficiency of the Company’s reserves, including asbestos;
  • the impact of emerging claims issues as well as other insurance and non-insurance litigation;
  • the cost and availability of reinsurance coverage;
  • catastrophe losses and modeling;
  • the impact of investment, economic and underwriting market conditions, including interest rates, the impact of tariffs and inflation;
  • the Company’s approach to managing its investment portfolio;
  • the impact of changing climate conditions;
  • strategic and operational initiatives to improve growth, profitability and competitiveness;
  • the Company’s competitive advantages and innovation agenda, including executing on that agenda with respect to artificial intelligence;
  • the Company’s cybersecurity policies and practices;
  • new product offerings;
  • the impact of developments in the tort environment;
  • the impact of developments in the geopolitical environment; and
  • the sale of our Canadian personal insurance business and the majority of our Canadian commercial insurance business, including with respect to the expected closing of the transaction, use of proceeds, including share repurchases, and financial impact of the sale.

The Company cautions investors that such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond the Company’s control, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, the forward-looking information and statements.

Some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, the following:

Insurance-Related Risks

  • high levels of catastrophe losses;
  • actual claims may exceed the Company’s claims and claim adjustment expense reserves, the estimated level of claims and claim adjustment expense reserves may increase, or increases in loss costs may not be offset with sufficient price increases, including as a result of, among other things, changes in the legal/tort, regulatory and economic environments, including increased inflation and the impact of tariffs;
  • the Company’s continued exposure to asbestos and environmental claims and related litigation;
  • the Company is exposed to, and may face adverse developments involving, mass tort claims; and
  • the effects of emerging claim and coverage issues on the Company’s business are uncertain, and court decisions or legislative changes that take place after the Company issues its policies can result in an unexpected increase in the number of claims.

Financial, Economic and Credit Risks

  • a period of financial market disruption or an economic downturn;
  • the Company’s investment portfolio is subject to credit and interest rate risk, and may suffer reduced or low returns or material realized or unrealized losses;
  • the Company is exposed to credit risk related to reinsurance and structured settlements, and reinsurance coverage may not be available to the Company;
  • the Company is exposed to credit risk in certain of its insurance operations and with respect to certain guarantee or indemnification arrangements that it has with third parties;
  • a downgrade in the Company’s claims-paying and financial strength ratings; and
  • the Company’s insurance subsidiaries may be unable to pay dividends to the Company’s holding company in sufficient amounts.

Business and Operational Risks

  • the intense competition that the Company faces, including with respect to attracting and retaining employees, and the impact of innovation, technological change and changing customer preferences on the insurance industry and the markets in which it operates;
  • disruptions to the Company’s relationships with its independent agents and brokers or the Company’s inability to manage effectively a changing distribution landscape;
  • the Company’s efforts to develop new products or services, expand in targeted markets, improve business processes and workflows or make acquisitions may not be successful and may create enhanced risks;
  • the Company’s pricing and capital models may provide materially different indications than actual results;
  • loss of or significant restrictions on the use of particular types of underwriting criteria, such as credit scoring, or other data or methodologies, in the pricing and underwriting of the Company’s products;
  • the Company is subject to additional risks associated with its business outside the United States;
  • future pandemics (including new variants of COVID-19); and
  • the sale of our Canadian insurance business (excluding surety) to Definity Financial Corporation is subject to closing conditions, including obtaining required regulatory approvals and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions, and may not occur.

Technology and Intellectual Property Risks

  • as a result of cyber attacks (the risk of which could be exacerbated by geopolitical tensions) or otherwise, the Company may experience difficulties with technology, data and network security or outsourcing relationships;
  • the Company’s dependence on effective information technology systems and on continuing to develop and implement improvements in technology, including with respect to artificial intelligence; and
  • the Company may be unable to protect and enforce its own intellectual property or may be subject to claims for infringing the intellectual property of others.

Regulatory and Compliance Risks

  • changes in regulation, including changes in tax laws; and
  • the Company’s compliance controls may not be effective.

In addition, the Company’s share repurchase plans depend on a variety of factors, including the Company’s financial position, earnings, share price, catastrophe losses, maintaining capital levels appropriate for the Company’s business operations, changes in levels of written premiums, funding of the Company’s qualified pension plan, capital requirements of the Company’s operating subsidiaries, legal requirements, regulatory constraints, other investment opportunities (including mergers and acquisitions and related financings), market conditions, changes in tax laws and other factors.

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release or as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements. For a more detailed discussion of these factors, see the information under the captions “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Forward Looking Statements” in the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on July 17, 2025, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 13, 2025, in each case as updated by our periodic filings with the SEC.

GLOSSARY OF FINANCIAL MEASURES AND RECONCILIATIONS OF GAAP MEASURES TO NON-GAAP MEASURES

The following measures are used by the Company’s management to evaluate financial performance against historical results, to establish performance targets on a consolidated basis and for other reasons as discussed below. In some cases, these measures are considered non-GAAP financial measures under applicable SEC rules because they are not displayed as separate line items in the consolidated financial statements or are not required to be disclosed in the notes to financial statements or, in some cases, include or exclude certain items not ordinarily included or excluded in the most comparable GAAP financial measure. Reconciliations of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measures also follow.

In the opinion of the Company’s management, a discussion of these measures provides investors, financial analysts, rating agencies and other financial statement users with a better understanding of the significant factors that comprise the Company’s periodic results of operations and how management evaluates the Company’s financial performance.

Some of these measures exclude net realized investment gains (losses), net of tax, and/or net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity, which can be significantly impacted by both discretionary and other economic factors and are not necessarily indicative of operating trends.

Other companies may calculate these measures differently, and, therefore, their measures may not be comparable to those used by the Company’s management.

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO CORE INCOME AND CERTAIN OTHER NON-GAAP MEASURES

Core income (loss) is consolidated net income (loss) excluding the after-tax impact of net realized investment gains (losses), discontinued operations, the effect of a change in tax laws and tax rates at enactment, and cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles when applicable. Segment income (loss) is determined in the same manner as core income (loss) on a segment basis. Management uses segment income (loss) to analyze each segment’s performance and as a tool in making business decisions. Financial statement users also consider core income (loss) when analyzing the results and trends of insurance companies. Core income (loss) per share is core income (loss) on a per common share basis.

Reconciliation of Net Income to Core Income less Preferred Dividends

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

Twelve Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, after-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

$

1,509

$

534

$

1,904

$

1,657

$

5,246

$

3,687

Adjustments:

Net realized investment (gains) losses

(5

)

51

43

24

45

81

Core income

$

1,504

$

585

$

1,947

$

1,681

$

5,291

$

3,768

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, pre-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

$

1,881

$

656

$

2,349

$

2,026

Adjustments:

Net realized investment (gains) losses

(6

)

65

55

30

Core income

$

1,875

$

721

$

2,404

$

2,056

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

Average
Annual

($ in millions, after-tax)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2005 - 2019

Net income

$

4,999

$

2,991

$

2,842

$

3,662

$

2,697

$

3,007

Less: Loss from discontinued operations

—

—

—

—

—

(29

)

Income from continuing operations

4,999

2,991

2,842

3,662

2,697

3,036

Adjustments:

Net realized investment (gains) losses

26

81

156

(132

)

(11

)

(44

)

Impact of changes in tax laws and/or tax rates (1) (2)

—

—

—

(8

)

—

9

Core income

5,025

3,072

2,998

3,522

2,686

3,001

Less: Preferred dividends

—

—

—

—

—

2

Core income, less preferred dividends

$

5,025

$

3,072

$

2,998

$

3,522

$

2,686

$

2,999

(1) Impact is recognized in the accounting period in which the change is enacted

(2) 2017 reflects impact of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA)

Reconciliation of Net Income per Share to Core Income per Share on a Diluted Basis

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Diluted income per share

Net income

$

6.53

$

2.29

$

8.23

$

7.09

Adjustments:

Net realized investment (gains) losses, after-tax

(0.02

)

0.22

0.19

0.11

Core income

$

6.51

$

2.51

$

8.42

$

7.20

Reconciliation of Segment Income (Loss) to Total Core Income

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, after-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

Business Insurance

$

813

$

656

$

1,496

$

1,420

Bond & Specialty Insurance

244

170

464

365

Personal Insurance

534

(153

)

160

67

Total segment income

1,591

673

2,120

1,852

Interest Expense and Other

(87

)

(88

)

(173

)

(171

)

Total core income

$

1,504

$

585

$

1,947

$

1,681

RECONCILIATION OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY TO ADJUSTED SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND CALCULATION OF RETURN ON EQUITY AND CORE RETURN ON EQUITY

Adjusted shareholders’ equity is shareholders’ equity excluding net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity, net realized investment gains (losses), net of tax, for the period presented, the effect of a change in tax laws and tax rates at enactment (excluding the portion related to net unrealized investment gains (losses)), preferred stock and discontinued operations.

Reconciliation of Shareholders’ Equity to Adjusted Shareholders’ Equity

As of June 30,

($ in millions)

2025

2024

Shareholders’ equity

$

29,518

$

24,862

Adjustments:

Net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

3,031

3,976

Net realized investment losses, net of tax

43

24

Adjusted shareholders’ equity

$

32,592

$

28,862

As of December 31,

Average
Annual

($ in millions)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2005 - 2019

Shareholders’ equity

$

27,864

$

24,921

$

21,560

$

28,887

$

29,201

$

24,744

Adjustments:

Net unrealized investment (gains) losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

3,640

3,129

4,898

(2,415

)

(4,074

)

(1,300

)

Net realized investment (gains) losses, net of tax

26

81

156

(132

)

(11

)

(44

)

Impact of changes in tax laws and/or tax rates (1) (2)

—

—

—

(8

)

—

19

Preferred stock

—

—

—

—

—

(42

)

Loss from discontinued operations

—

—

—

—

—

29

Adjusted shareholders’ equity

$

31,530

$

28,131

$

26,614

$

26,332

$

25,116

$

23,406

(1) Impact is recognized in the accounting period in which the change is enacted

(2) 2017 reflects impact of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA)

Return on equity is the ratio of annualized net income (loss) less preferred dividends to average shareholders’ equity for the periods presented. Core return on equity is the ratio of annualized core income (loss) less preferred dividends to adjusted average shareholders’ equity for the periods presented. In the opinion of the Company’s management, these are important indicators of how well management creates value for its shareholders through its operating activities and its capital management.

Average shareholders’ equity is (a) the sum of total shareholders’ equity excluding preferred stock at the beginning and end of each of the quarters for the period presented divided by (b) the number of quarters in the period presented times two. Adjusted average shareholders’ equity is (a) the sum of total adjusted shareholders’ equity at the beginning and end of each of the quarters for the period presented divided by (b) the number of quarters in the period presented times two.

Calculation of Return on Equity and Core Return on Equity

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

Twelve Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, after-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

2025

2024

Annualized net income

$

6,036

$

2,134

$

3,808

$

3,313

$

5,246

$

3,687

Average shareholders’ equity

28,854

24,942

28,441

24,957

27,735

23,320

Return on equity

20.9

%

8.6

%

13.4

%

13.3

%

18.9

%

15.8

%

Annualized core income

$

6,015

$

2,341

$

3,894

$

3,362

$

5,291

$

3,768

Adjusted average shareholders’ equity

32,016

28,817

31,769

28,600

30,879

27,728

Core return on equity

18.8

%

8.1

%

12.3

%

11.8

%

17.1

%

13.6

%

Twelve Months Ended
December 31,

Average
Annual

($ in millions, after-tax)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2005 - 2019

Net income, less preferred dividends

$

4,999

$

2,991

$

2,842

$

3,662

$

2,697

$

3,005

Average shareholders’ equity

25,993

22,031

23,384

28,735

26,892

24,693

Return on equity

19.2

%

13.6

%

12.2

%

12.7

%

10.0

%

12.2

%

Core income, less preferred dividends

$

5,025

$

3,072

$

2,998

$

3,522

$

2,686

$

2,999

Adjusted average shareholders’ equity

29,295

26,772

26,588

25,718

23,790

23,397

Core return on equity

17.2

%

11.5

%

11.3

%

13.7

%

11.3

%

12.8

%

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO UNDERWRITING GAIN EXCLUDING CERTAIN ITEMS

Underwriting gain (loss) is net earned premiums and fee income less claims and claim adjustment expenses and insurance-related expenses. In the opinion of the Company’s management, it is important to measure the profitability of each segment excluding the results of investing activities, which are managed separately from the insurance business. This measure is used to assess each segment’s business performance and as a tool in making business decisions. Underwriting gain, excluding the impact of catastrophes and net favorable (unfavorable) prior year loss reserve development,is the underwriting gain adjusted to exclude claims and claim adjustment expenses, reinstatement premiums and assessments related to catastrophes and loss reserve development related to time periods prior to the current year. In the opinion of the Company’s management, this measure is meaningful to users of the financial statements to understand the Company’s periodic earnings and the variability of earnings caused by the unpredictable nature (i.e., the timing and amount) of catastrophes and loss reserve development. This measure is also referred to as underlying underwriting gain, underlying underwriting margin,underlying underwriting income or underlying underwriting result.

A catastrophe is a severe loss designated, or reasonably expected by the Company to be designated, a catastrophe by one or more industry recognized organizations that track and report on insured losses resulting from catastrophic events, such as Property Claim Services (PCS) for events in the United States and Canada. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural events, including, among others, hurricanes, tornadoes and other windstorms, earthquakes, hail, wildfires, severe winter weather, floods, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and other naturally-occurring events, such as solar flares. Catastrophes can also be man-made, such as terrorist attacks and other intentionally or unintentionally destructive acts, including those involving nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological events, cyber events, explosions and destruction of infrastructure. Each catastrophe has unique characteristics and catastrophes are not predictable as to timing or amount. Their effects are included in net and core income (loss) and claims and claim adjustment expense reserves upon occurrence. A catastrophe may result in the payment of reinsurance reinstatement premiums and assessments from various pools.

The Company’s threshold for disclosing catastrophes is primarily determined at the reportable segment level. If a threshold for one segment or a combination thereof is reached and the other segments have losses from the same event, losses from the event are identified as catastrophe losses in the segment results and for the consolidated results of the Company. Additionally, an aggregate threshold is applied for international business across all reportable segments. The threshold for 2025 ranges from $20 million to $30 million of losses before reinsurance and taxes.

Net favorable (unfavorable) prior year loss reserve development is the increase or decrease in incurred claims and claim adjustment expenses as a result of the re-estimation of claims and claim adjustment expense reserves at successive valuation dates for a given group of claims, which may be related to one or more prior years. In the opinion of the Company’s management, a discussion of loss reserve development is meaningful to users of the financial statements as it allows them to assess the impact between prior and current year development on incurred claims and claim adjustment expenses, net and core income (loss), and changes in claims and claim adjustment expense reserve levels from period to period.

Reconciliation of Net Income to Pre-Tax Underlying Underwriting Income (also known as Underlying Underwriting Gain)

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, after-tax, except as noted)

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

$

1,509

$

534

$

1,904

$

1,657

Net realized investment (gains) losses

(5

)

51

43

24

Core income

1,504

585

1,947

1,681

Net investment income

(774

)

(727

)

(1,537

)

(1,425

)

Other (income) expense, including interest expense

78

84

159

158

Underwriting income (loss)

808

(58

)

569

414

Income tax expense (benefit) on underwriting results

214

(7

)

148

98

Pre-tax underwriting income (loss)

1,022

(65

)

717

512

Pre-tax impact of net favorable prior year reserve development

(315

)

(230

)

(693

)

(321

)

Pre-tax impact of catastrophes

927

1,509

3,193

2,221

Pre-tax underlying underwriting income

$

1,634

$

1,214

$

3,217

$

2,412

Reconciliation of Net Income to After-Tax Underlying Underwriting Income (also known as Underlying Underwriting Gain)

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, after-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

$

1,509

$

534

$

1,904

$

1,657

Net realized investment (gains) losses

(5

)

51

43

24

Core income

1,504

585

1,947

1,681

Net investment income

(774

)

(727

)

(1,537

)

(1,425

)

Other (income) expense, including interest expense

78

84

159

158

Underwriting income (loss)

808

(58

)

569

414

Impact of net favorable prior year reserve development

(249

)

(182

)

(546

)

(253

)

Impact of catastrophes

732

1,192

2,522

1,755

Underlying underwriting income

$

1,291

$

952

$

2,545

$

1,916

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

($ in millions, after-tax)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

Net income

$

4,999

$

2,991

$

2,842

$

3,662

$

2,697

$

2,622

$

2,523

$

2,056

$

3,014

$

3,439

$

3,692

$

3,673

$

2,473

Net realized investment (gains) losses

26

81

156

(132

)

(11

)

(85

)

(93

)

(142

)

(47

)

(2

)

(51

)

(106

)

(32

)

Impact of changes in tax laws and/or tax rates (1) (2)

—

—

—

(8

)

—

—

—

129

—

—

—

—

—

Core income

5,025

3,072

2,998

3,522

2,686

2,537

2,430

2,043

2,967

3,437

3,641

3,567

2,441

Net investment income

(2,952

)

(2,436

)

(2,170

)

(2,541

)

(1,908

)

(2,097

)

(2,102

)

(1,872

)

(1,846

)

(1,905

)

(2,216

)

(2,186

)

(2,316

)

Other (income) expense, including interest expense

308

337

277

235

232

214

248

179

78

193

159

61

171

Underwriting income

2,381

973

1,105

1,216

1,010

654

576

350

1,199

1,725

1,584

1,442

296

Impact of net (favorable) unfavorable prior year reserve development

(559

)

(113

)

(512

)

(424

)

(276

)

47

(409

)

(378

)

(510

)

(617

)

(616

)

(552

)

(622

)

Impact of catastrophes

2,632

2,361

1,480

1,459

1,274

699

1,355

1,267

576

338

462

387

1,214

Underlying underwriting income

$

4,454

$

3,221

$

2,073

$

2,251

$

2,008

$

1,400

$

1,522

$

1,239

$

1,265

$

1,446

$

1,430

$

1,277

$

888

(1) Impact is recognized in the accounting period in which the change is enacted

(2) 2017 reflects impact of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA)

COMBINED RATIO AND ADJUSTMENTS FOR UNDERLYING COMBINED RATIO

Combined ratio: For Statutory Accounting Practices (SAP), the combined ratio is the sum of the SAP loss and LAE ratio and the SAP underwriting expense ratio as defined in the statutory financial statements required by insurance regulators. The combined ratio, as used in this earnings release, is the equivalent of, and is calculated in the same manner as, the SAP combined ratio except that the SAP underwriting expense ratio is based on net written premiums and the underwriting expense ratio as used in this earnings release is based on net earned premiums.

For SAP, the loss and LAE ratio is the ratio of incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses less certain administrative services fee income to net earned premiums as defined in the statutory financial statements required by insurance regulators. The loss and LAE ratio as used in this earnings release is calculated in the same manner as the SAP ratio.

For SAP, the underwriting expense ratio is the ratio of underwriting expenses incurred (including commissions paid), less certain administrative services fee income and billing and policy fees and other, to net written premiums as defined in the statutory financial statements required by insurance regulators. The underwriting expense ratio as used in this earnings release, is the ratio of underwriting expenses (including the amortization of deferred acquisition costs), less certain administrative services fee income, billing and policy fees and other, to net earned premiums.

The combined ratio, loss and LAE ratio, and underwriting expense ratio are used as indicators of the Company’s underwriting discipline, efficiency in acquiring and servicing its business and overall underwriting profitability. A combined ratio under 100% generally indicates an underwriting profit. A combined ratio over 100% generally indicates an underwriting loss.

Underlying combined ratio represents the combined ratio excluding the impact of net prior year reserve development and catastrophes. The underlying combined ratio is an indicator of the Company’s underwriting discipline and underwriting profitability for the current accident year.

Other companies’ method of computing similarly titled measures may not be comparable to the Company’s method of computing these ratios.

Calculation of the Combined Ratio

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

($ in millions, pre-tax)

2025

2024

2025

2024

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

Claims and claim adjustment expenses

$

6,789

$

7,373

$

14,795

$

14,029

Less:

Policyholder dividends

10

12

23

24

Allocated fee income

45

42

90

81

Loss ratio numerator

$

6,734

$

7,319

$

14,682

$

13,924

Underwriting expense ratio

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs

$

1,802

$

1,678

$

3,580

$

3,376

General and administrative expenses (G&A)

1,545

1,478

3,004

2,884

Less:

Non-insurance G&A

113

106

222

208

Allocated fee income

79

73

153

143

Billing and policy fees and other

29

30

57

60

Expense ratio numerator

$

3,126

$

2,947

$

6,152

$

5,849

Earned premium

$

10,921

$

10,243

$

21,631

$

20,369

Combined ratio (1)

Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio

61.7

%

71.4

%

67.9

%

68.4

%

Underwriting expense ratio

28.6

%

28.8

%

28.4

%

28.7

%

Combined ratio

90.3

%

100.2

%

96.3

%

97.1

%

Impact on combined ratio:

Net favorable prior year reserve development

(2.9

)%

(2.2

)%

(3.2

)%

(1.5

)%

Catastrophes, net of reinsurance

8.5

%

14.7

%

14.8

%

10.9

%

Underlying combined ratio

84.7

%

87.7

%

84.7

%

87.7

%

(1) For purposes of computing ratios, billing and policy fees and other (which are a component of other revenues) are allocated as a reduction of underwriting expenses. In addition, fee income is allocated as a reduction of losses and loss adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses. These allocations are to conform the calculation of the combined ratio with statutory accounting. Additionally, general and administrative expenses include non-insurance expenses that are excluded from underwriting expenses, and accordingly are excluded in calculating the combined ratio.

RECONCILIATION OF BOOK VALUE PER SHARE AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY TO CERTAIN NON-GAAP MEASURES

Book value per share is total common shareholders’ equity divided by the number of common shares outstanding. Adjusted book value per share is total common shareholders’ equity excluding net unrealized investment gains and losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity, divided by the number of common shares outstanding.In the opinion of the Company’s management, adjusted book value per share is useful in an analysis of a property casualty company’s book value per share as it removes the effect of changing prices on invested assets (i.e., net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of tax), which do not have an equivalent impact on unpaid claims and claim adjustment expense reserves. Tangible book value per share is adjusted book value per share excluding the after-tax value of goodwill and other intangible assets divided by the number of common shares outstanding. In the opinion of the Company’s management, tangible book value per share is useful in an analysis of a property casualty company’s book value on a nominal basis as it removes certain effects of purchase accounting (i.e., goodwill and other intangible assets), in addition to the effect of changing prices on invested assets.

Reconciliation of Shareholders’ Equity to Tangible Shareholders’ Equity, Excluding Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Tax and Calculation of Book Value Per Share, Adjusted Book Value Per Share and Tangible Book Value Per Share

As of

($ in millions, except per share amounts)

June 30,
2025

December 31,
2024

June 30,
2024

Shareholders’ equity

$

29,518

$

27,864

$

24,862

Less: Net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

(3,031

)

(3,640

)

(3,976

)

Common shareholders’ equity, excluding net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

32,549

31,504

28,838

Less:

Goodwill

4,283

4,233

4,250

Other intangible assets

348

360

371

Impact of deferred tax on other intangible assets

(93

)

(85

)

(86

)

Tangible shareholders’ equity, excluding net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

$

28,011

$

26,996

$

24,303

Common shares outstanding

225.1

226.6

227.9

Book value per share

$

131.11

$

122.97

$

109.08

Adjusted book value per share

144.57

139.04

126.52

Tangible book value per share, excluding net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

124.42

119.14

106.62

RECONCILIATION OF TOTAL CAPITALIZATION TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION EXCLUDING NET UNREALIZED INVESTMENT GAINS (LOSSES), NET OF TAX

Total capitalization is the sum of total shareholders’ equity and debt. Debt-to-capital ratio excluding net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity,is the ratio of debt to total capitalization excluding the after-tax impact of net unrealized investment gains and losses included in shareholders’ equity. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the debt-to-capital ratio is useful in an analysis of the Company’s financial leverage.

As of

($ in millions)

June 30,
2025

December 31,
2024

Debt

$

8,034

$

8,033

Shareholders’ equity

29,518

27,864

Total capitalization

37,552

35,897

Less: Net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

(3,031

)

(3,640

)

Total capitalization excluding net unrealized losses on investments, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

$

40,583

$

39,537

Debt-to-capital ratio

21.4

%

22.4

%

Debt-to-capital ratio excluding net unrealized investment losses, net of tax, included in shareholders’ equity

19.8

%

20.3

%

RECONCILIATION OF INVESTED ASSETS TO INVESTED ASSETS EXCLUDING NET UNREALIZED INVESTMENT GAINS (LOSSES)

As of June 30,

($ in millions)

2025

2024

Invested assets

$

98,065

$

89,511

Less: Net unrealized investment losses, pre-tax

(3,831

)

(5,043

)

Invested assets excluding net unrealized investment losses

$

101,896

$

94,554

As of December 31,

($ in millions)

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

Invested assets

$

94,223

$

88,810

$

80,454

$

87,375

$

84,423

$

77,884

$

72,278

$

72,502

$

70,488

$

70,470

$

73,261

$

73,160

$

73,838

Less: Net unrealized investment gains (losses), pre-tax

(4,609

)

(3,970

)

(6,220

)

3,060

5,175

2,853

(137

)

1,414

1,112

1,974

3,008

2,030

4,761

Invested assets excluding net unrealized investment gains (losses)

$

98,832

$

92,780

$

86,674

$

84,315

$

79,248

$

75,031

$

72,415

$

71,088

$

69,376

$

68,496

$

70,253

$

71,130

$

69,077

OTHER DEFINITIONS

Gross written premiums reflect the direct and assumed contractually determined amounts charged to policyholders for the effective period of the contract based on the terms and conditions of the insurance contract. Net written premiums reflect gross written premiums less premiums ceded to reinsurers.

For Business Insurance and Bond & Specialty Insurance, retention is the amount of premium available for renewal that was retained, excluding rate and exposure changes. For Personal Insurance, retention is the ratio of the expected number of renewal policies that will be retained throughout the annual policy period to the number of available renewal base policies. For all of the segments, renewal rate change represents the estimated change in average premium on policies that renew, excluding exposure changes. Exposure is the measure of risk used in the pricing of an insurance product. The change in exposure is the amount of change in premium on policies that renew attributable to the change in portfolio risk. Renewal premium change represents the estimated change in average premium on policies that renew, including rate and exposure changes. New business is the amount of written premium related to new policyholders and additional products sold to existing policyholders. These are operating statistics, which are in part dependent on the use of estimates and are therefore subject to change. For Business Insurance, retention, renewal premium change and new business exclude National Accounts. For Bond & Specialty Insurance, retention, renewal premium change and new business exclude surety and other products that are generally sold on a non-recurring, project specific basis. For each of the segments, production statistics referred to herein are domestic only unless otherwise indicated.

Statutory capital and surplus represents the excess of an insurance company’s admitted assets over its liabilities, including loss reserves, as determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices.

Holding company liquidity is the total funds available at the holding company level to fund general corporate purposes, primarily the payment of shareholder dividends and debt service. These funds consist of total cash, short-term invested assets and other readily marketable securities held by the holding company.

For a glossary of other financial terms used in this press release, we refer you to the Company’s most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 13, 2025, and subsequent periodic filings with the SEC.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250715876104/en/

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